Westminster Confession of Faith (1646)

Chapter 9: Of Free-will

Westminster Assembly · PDF

Chapter 9: Of Free-will

Paragraph 9.1

God hath indued the Will of man with that naturall liberty, that it is neither forced, nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined to good or evil.a

God has endowed the Will of man with that natural liberty, that it is neither forced, nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined to good or evil.a

  1. a. Matthew 17:12; James 1:14; Deuteronomy 30:19

    Matthew 17:12

    James 1:14

    Deuteronomy 30:19

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Paragraph 9.2

Man, in his state of Innocency, had freedom, and power, to will, and to do that which was good, and well pleasing to God;a but yet, mutably, so that he might fall from it.b

Man, in his state of Innocency, had freedom, and power, to will, and to do that which was good, and well pleasing to God;a but yet, mutably, so that he might fall from it.b

  1. a. Ecclesiastes 7:29; Genesis 1:26

    Ecclesiastes 7:29

    Genesis 1:26

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  2. b. Genesis 2:16–17; Genesis 3:6

    Genesis 2:16–17

    Genesis 3:6

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Paragraph 9.3

Man by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of Will to any spirituall good accompanying salvation:a so as, a naturall man, being altogether averse from that good,b and dead in sin,c is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.d

Man by his fall into a state of sin, has wholly lost all ability of Will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation:a so as, a natural man, being altogether averse from that good,b and dead in sin,c is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.d

  1. a. Romans 5:6; Romans 8:7; John 15:5

    Romans 5:6

    Romans 8:7

    John 15:5

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  2. b. Romans 3:10; Romans 3:12

    Romans 3:10

    Romans 3:12

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  3. c. Ephesians 2:1; Ephesians 2:5; Colossians 2:13

    Ephesians 2:1

    Ephesians 2:5

    Colossians 2:13

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  4. d. John 6:44; John 6:65; Ephesians 2:2–5; 1 Corinthians 2:14; Titus 3:3–5

    John 6:44

    John 6:65

    Ephesians 2:2–5

    1 Corinthians 2:14

    Titus 3:3–5

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Paragraph 9.4

When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, he freeth him from his naturall bondage under sin;a and, by his grace alone, inables him freely to will, and to do that which is spiritually good;b yet so, as that by reason of his remaining corruption, he doth not, perfectly, nor only, will that which is good, but doth also will that which is evil.c

When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, he frees him from his natural bondage under sin;a and, by his grace alone, enables him freely to will, and to do that which is spiritually good;b yet so, as that by reason of his remaining corruption, he does not, perfectly, nor only, will that which is good, but does also will that which is evil.c

  1. a. Colossians 1:13; John 8:34; John 8:36

    Colossians 1:13

    John 8:34

    John 8:36

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  2. b. Philippians 2:13; Romans 6:18; Romans 6:22

    Philippians 2:13

    Romans 6:18

    Romans 6:22

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  3. c. Galatians 5:17; Romans 7:15; Romans 7:18–19; Romans 7:21; Romans 7:23

    Galatians 5:17

    Romans 7:15

    Romans 7:18–19

    Romans 7:21

    Romans 7:23

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Paragraph 9.5

The will of man is made, perfectly, and immutably free to good alone, in the state of Glory only.a

The will of man is made, perfectly, and immutably free to good alone, in the state of Glory only.a

  1. a. Ephesians 4:13; Hebrews 12:23; 1 John 3:2; Jude 24

    Ephesians 4:13

    Hebrews 12:23

    1 John 3:2

    Jude 1:24

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